Pancreatitis is a long-term and complex disease of the pancreas with multifactorial causes. One of them - a sharp violation of the rules on the consumption of fatty foods, overeating, alcohol addiction. Compliance with special dietary rules for pancreatitis is half the success in treatment.
The diet for pancreatitis is intended to replace and supplement the menu with those substances that are poorly processed due to a lack of pancreatic enzymes.
Some patients believe that nutritional therapy for pancreatitis is no different from the 5a diet and continue to follow its recommendations. This is understandable because most people initially received long-term treatment for cholecystitis, gallstones, or hepatitis. They are familiar with Tables 5a and 5, which establish the nutritional standards necessary for these diseases.
But if pancreatitis is detected, diet 5a will need to be changed. Changes that occur when the pancreas is damaged require correction of the protein, fat and carbohydrate content. The diet for patients with pancreatitis is called "5p". Increased the content of proteins up to 150 g (in No. 5 100–120 g), reduced the amount of fats (in No. 5 at least 70 g) and carbohydrates (in No. 5 at least 300 g). The rules for cooking and limiting the choice of food remain common.
Basic requirements for dietary nutrition
The proposed # 5p diet rules do not exclude the use of concomitant diseases of the digestive system. They are important for creating maximum pancreatic discharge.
- Cook only boiled, stewed, baked or steamed foods. The frying method is completely prohibited.
- Observe the saving of the damaged organ by grinding all the dishes during the most acute phase of the disease.
- A moderate temperature regime is required (without sharp fluctuations from cold to hot).
- It is necessary to feed the patient with small amounts of food, but every 3-4 hours.
- Avoid large one-off meals, eating too much even diet meals.
- Maintain a daily calorie intake of at least 3000 kcal.
The recommended dietary tables according to Povzner take into account the options for periods of exacerbation and beyond, when the pain has disappeared, but it is very important to maintain and continue proper nutrition in pancreatitis.
Diet option 5p for the exacerbation of pancreatitis
The clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis in the phase of exacerbation (acute pain, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea) do not allow the patient to eat as usual. The treatment regimen requires a complete fast for two to four days. You can't even drink; in the first few days the liquid is injected intravenously.
After the vomiting and pain have stopped, an initial 5p diet is prescribed. Its goal is to reduce the formation of stomach acid and allow the pancreas to focus all its forces on the process of fighting for survival.
The diet can be used for no more than two weeks, as it is not balanced in composition (proteins are reduced to 60 g, fats to 50 g, carbohydrates up to 200-280 g, with a contenttotal calorie of 1800 kcal). Of course, bed rest and lack of physical activity are recommended.
The menu of the dietary table of a patient with pancreatitis consists of soups of mashed mucous cereals, liquid cereals on water (excluding semolina and rice), mashed potatoes or carrots with the addition of zucchini, boiled pumpkin (excluding cabbage in alltypes), jelly, jelly, puddings, some white crackers. Everything is served and cooked without oil. You can drink water up to 2 liters, rosehip decoction, slightly sweet weak tea. After this option, on the advice of a doctor, they switch to the second type of food.
Diet without exacerbation of pancreatitis
The beginning of an effective recovery process is judged by the normalization of the temperature, a decrease in the frequency of diarrhea and the absence of pain. The diet for pancreatitis is expanding, but the maximum norms of proteins, fats and carbohydrates are observed. It is necessary to include a vitamin set in the current therapeutic diet to activate the body's defenses. The patient will have to adhere to this diet for life.
The diet for pancreatitis categorically prohibits:
- fatty meat, fish and vegetarian rich soups (with cabbage or mushrooms);
- fatty meats of beef and pork, duck;
- lard and cooking oil;
- smoked meats, hot snacks, sauces, canned food of any shape, sausages;
- rich pastries, culinary creams, chocolate, pies, black bread;
- from vegetables the diet for pancreatitis does not recommend radishes, cabbage, turnips, sorrel, spinach;
- Carbonated drinks, beer, alcohol, coffee.
Recommended products and meals:
- white bread or dry croutons, dry biscuits;
- steamed, baked, lean meat and poultry dishes, meatballs, meatballs and meat pies;
- cereal soups, with pasta, you can season with sour cream;
- non-acid cottage cheese, hard cheese variety;
- butter or vegetable oil must be added directly to the dish, no more than one tablespoon a day;
- semi-liquid porridge, boiled in water or diluted milk;
- unsweetened baked apples, jelly or fruit compote;
- Lightly sweetened tea with milk or rosehip in broth.
The Pancreatitis In Remission Diet recommends the following sample menu for a person who works for the day:
- Breakfast before work: you can make a steam protein omelette with two eggs or half a portion of oatmeal in milk, tea with milk.
- Breakfast n. 2 (for lunch) - take boiled meat with mashed potatoes or vegetables, half a pack of cottage cheese, if at work you have the opportunity to heat it in the microwave, be sure to use it.
- Slightly sweet tea.
- Lunch (at home after work) - half plate vegetarian potato soup, steamed meatballs with vegetable puree, apple jelly on xylitol.
- Dinner: a piece of boiled chicken, cottage cheese casserole, tea with milk.
- At night (no later than 21 hours) fruit jelly on xylitol.
It is possible to take unpolished fruits and vegetables, as well as expand the diet only with the agreement of a doctor, after an examination to ensure that the enzymatic activity of the pancreas is restored and that there is no inflammation.